Consideration of the problems of start-up, survival, profit and growth of a new or ongoing venture. Examination of small-business operations including business plans, finance, legal aspects, government regulation, record-keeping, marketing and human resources issues. Prerequisite: BUS 124.

Capstone courses in teaching horsemanship. Emphasis is placed on building a repertoire of teaching techniques; and critical evaluation of riders, horses, lesson plans, methodology and style. Discussions include the ethics of the industry and philosophical differences among disciplines. Preparation of riders and horses for competitive riding, supervision of teaching staff and peer evaluations. Discussion, presentations, supervised teaching practica, laboratory and experiential work requirements. Prerequisite: EQS 327for EQS 328, EDU 207 and EQS 328 for EQS 329.

Designed to provide knowledge of riding and schooling principles, methods of instruction, lesson planning, student assessment and lesson horse selection. Lecture, discussion, student teaching practica, laboratory. Prerequisites: 240.

A practicum class in which students work with young, green or problem horses to break, train or retrain for use as riding horses. Coursework includes lunging, long-lining, ground driving, use of cavalletti systems and gymnastic jumping, backing and work under saddle. Does not satisfy PE activity requirement; (0.5 credit.) Prerequisites: EQS 230, EQT 203 or permission of instructor.

The course introduces students to fundamental approaches, processes and goals of environmental education (EE). Much of the course involves fieldwork, including at the Fulton Farm; using guest speakers, experiential learning and field trips in which students will learn EE curricula recognized and adopted on a national or statewide basis. Students will learn Pennsylvania Department of Education standards and how to evaluate and deliver lessons in an engaging fashion. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. ES

Seminar course offered on an occasional basis. Possible topics include: Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture, Sustainable Energy, Stewardship of Watershed Ecosystems (lab), Sustainable Architecture and Permaculture Design (lab).

Basic principles of ecology as they apply to agricultural systems. Comparison of industrialized and sustainable agriculture. Survey of traditional agricultural practices in global and historical context. Field and laboratory work in association with the Center for Sustainable Living. Students taking the course at the 300 level will complete a laboratory component. Prerequisite: 110 or BIO 102. ES, ESL

A study of the relationships between technology and humans, ranging from traditional societies to the modern industrial and postindustrial West. Issues include the relationship of science and technology, technology and culture, and the effect of tools and machines on human experience. ES, ETH

Reflection on ecological issues in ethical and belief-based perspectives. Students examine selected problems related to our use and abuse of the natural environment and come to terms with the values, motives and other forces that shape decisions here. ES, ETH, WI

A senior capstone seminar that integrates student coursework, internships and other educational experiences. Examines current theoretical topics in environmental and ecological thought and will vary based on faculty and student interest. As a writing-intensive course, detailed research and written and oral presentations will accompany rigorous examination of primary literature. Prerequisites: Senior standing in environmental studies or related program of study and permission of instructor. ES, ETH, WI